![]() It’s thought-provoking and beautifully written and I have so many annotations that I might as well have just highlighted the whole book. It’s a book that makes you examine every one of your core beliefs, to self-analyse and understand yourself. It’s poignant, deeply moving and an introspective work of fiction. ![]() Aristotle and Dante Dive into the Waters of the World is the perfect book to represent the slice-of-life genre. Even the detailed summary–I couldn’t summarise the book because so much and so little happens in it. I agonised so much over the rating of this book because Sáenz always ruins me and this book made me feel nostalgic as hell. He does and the book ends with Dante and Ari staring at The Raft of the Medusa which is Dante’s favourite painting (and hence, Ari’s favourite). He decides that he’s going to fly to Paris. Ari finds a huge artwork of two boys in the desert. Dante’s parents invite Ari to take some stuff Dante left for him. Ari says he should take it and Dante does and they have an abrupt breakup. Dante got accepted into a fancy art program in Paris for the summer. They graduate from school, Cassandra is the valedictorian. Ari continues to feel numb but tries to let his friends help him. Everyone is worried sick and Dante has to give him a shower and put him to bed. After the funeral, Ari drives away alone and doesn’t come home. Liliana asks Ari to write his father’s eulogy so he does so, reading Jaime’s journals and learning more things he didn’t know. Ari is overcome with grief and his friends support him however they can though Ari has a tendency to isolate himself. Near New Year’s Eve, Jaime has a heart attack and dies in Ari’s arms. Dante’s mother gives birth to a son whom they name Sophocles. Ari comes out to his older sisters too and they’re supportive. Jaime tells Ari how he met his mother–he followed Liliana around until she asked when he’d ask her out. Jaime and Ari talk on the drive and camp too. He leaves early feeling content all the same. The meeting doesn’t go as Ari anticipated and there doesn’t seem to be a shred of good in Bernardo. Ari wants to see Bernardo because he keeps having nightmares about him. Cricket had heard Ari tell the story of his mother dealing with lizards in her classroom (Jaime, Ari’s father, had told him that story). He befriends a boy who sets crickets lose (and he’s nicknamed “Cricket” after that). At school, Ari is a lot more invested in his classmates and teachers. He invites them and Dante over for lunch and apologises for being a jerk and comes out to them. She tells him he must tell Gina and Susie about being gay. Ari comforts Cassandra and comes out to her. Ari and his parents go to the funeral and reception. Cassandra is in Ari’s class and the two hate each other. Before summer ends, Cassandra Ortega’s older brother dies. The two share it and take turns keeping it. Emma, the mother of the artist’s gallery show (who died of HIV because he was gay) gives them a painting with a poem at the back. On the way back, they stop at the same museum they had stopped at on the way going. Dante quits the swimming team and wants to transfer schools but Ari doesn’t want that. He becomes closer to his parents and learns more about their worldview. Aristotle is a bit uncomfortable with his identity as a gay man especially when the HIV/AIDS pandemic is in full swing. ![]() We pick up right where the first book finished. And there’s always Dante–the boy he loves more than anything. During his senior year, he unfolds and allows himself to make friends and strengthen his relations with his parents. Ari has spent all his life hiding his true self and being as invisible as possible.
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![]() We are, after all, talking about two players who still can't even drink legally.īryce Harper's story makes him more acceptable. Harper is the id, Trout the ego and their peers tried to play the super-ego, balancing the two, arduous though the task was. He hustles like Larry Flynt, hits balls a mile, parlays his different sort of athleticism – a longer, lither kind – into playing outfield like a natural despite having spent all of a season and a half there. Harper's arrogance is endearing, his long swing fixable, his over-aggression something out of which he'll grow. Your heart sees through prescription glasses. You don't love his arm, but that's OK, because if you love with your head, you see the flaws in a man and accept him for what he is. You love his speed, you love his bat, you love his power. You love how he makes the best catch of the first half look so ordinary. You love his athleticism, 6-foot-1 and 220 pounds of muscle wound with the precision of a Swiss timepiece. The level of adoration depends more on the body part with which you do your thinking: the head or the heart. Chipper Jones is right: It's easy to admire Mike Trout, and it's just as easy to swoon over Bryce Harper. Nobody else to this point has encapsulated the Harper-Trout debate in such perfect fashion. "But I have a man-crush on Bryce Harper." If he was going to waffle, he wanted to at least add some chocolate chips. Jones, however, mulled the idea for a few seconds. Of the 15 players to whom Yahoo! Sports posed the Harper-vs.-Trout question, nearly half copped out without a choice. "I can't answer it," Chipper Jones says, and he's not the only one. Biggie, a contrast of size, of strength, of style, similar only in an unmistakable brilliance. Mickey Mantle and Willie Mays were similar players. Mays debate that persisted throughout the 1950s and well into the '60s. "You've got American League, National League. "That question right there is the one every clubhouse argues," San Diego closer Huston Street says. It's about a new generation of baseball stars whose similarities may end at the respect they've engendered among their peers, Trout through his quiet brilliance and Harper through sheer force of persona. It's about the Washington Nationals' 19-year-old wunderkind and the Los Angeles Angels' 20-year-old MVP candidate. Perhaps the greatest testament to their instantaneous stardom is that in this All-Star game in which neither Harper nor Trout will start – because not only were they not on the All-Star ballot, they weren't even on their teams' opening-day rosters – they are the chief attraction. An answer is an answer, and it's good enough, even if it might pique the world's curiosity on what the minds inside locker rooms think about one of their own. That voting is announced Thursday.įor winning the award, Trout earned a $10,000 bonus on top of his $482,500 salary.Sometimes it evolves into a question of why as well, though brevity often suffices within the clubhouse walls. His season put him in contention for the AL MVP award along with Triple Crown winner Miguel Cabrera of Detroit. He began this season in the minors and made his first big league appearance this year on April 28. Trout spent some time in the majors last year but still retained his rookie status. ![]() In addition to Trout and Longoria, the only other unanimous AL winners were Nomar Garciaparra, Derek Jeter, Tim Salmon, Sandy Alomar Jr., Mark McGwire and Carlton Fisk. Arizona pitcher Wade Miley was second with 12 first-place votes and 105 points, followed by Cincinnati slugger Todd Frazier with three firsts and 45 points. Harper got 16 of 32 first-place votes and 112 points from the NL panel. Oakland outfielder Yoenis Cespedes was second with 63, followed by Texas pitcher Yu Darvish (46), who joined Trout as the only players listed on every ballot. Trout received all 28 first-place votes from the Baseball Writers' Association of America, becoming the eighth unanimous AL pick and the first since Tampa Bay's Evan Longoria in 2008.ĭetroit second baseman Lou Whitaker had been the youngest AL winner in 1978, but he was 2 months, 26 days older than Trout when he took home the award. The NL Rookie of the Year was later announced, with Washington outfielder Bryce Harper the winner. 326 with 30 homers and 83 RBIs following his call-up from the minor leagues in late April. Mike Trout of the Los Angeles Angels became the youngest AL Rookie of the Year, a unanimous winner Monday after a season that put him in contention for the MVP award, too. Bentley is one of the main subjects in the documentary My Big Break, directed by Tony Zierra, which follows Bentley and three of his former roommates, Chad Lindberg, Brad Rowe and Greg Fawcett, as they pursue their dream to become successful actors in Hollywood. He starred in the thriller Dolan's Cadillac, based on the short story by Stephen King, and There Be Dragons by director Roland Joffé. Career īentley has starred in several films, including the Oscar-winning American Beauty, The Four Feathers, P2, and Ghost Rider. He attended the Juilliard School's Drama Division as part of its Group 29 (1996–2000) but left the school after one year to pursue his acting career. In 1996, he graduated from Sylvan Hills High School in Sherwood, Arkansas. He is of German, Scottish, and English descent. His grandfather was an evangelical minister. His father is a minister, and his mother is a chaplain and ordained elder in the Arkansas Conference, both in the United Methodist denomination. In 2018, Bentley began starring in the Paramount Network original television series Yellowstone.īentley was born in Jonesboro, Arkansas, and raised in Little Rock, the third of four sons of Cherie Baker and David Bentley. The following year, he played Dylan (the actor who plays Ambrose White in My Roanoke Nightmare) in the series' sixth cycle, subtitled Roanoke. In 2015, he starred as Detective John Lowe in Hotel, for which he received a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination. He began appearing in the FX anthology series American Horror Story in 2014, playing Edward Mordrake in Freak Show. ![]() Other film roles include The Four Feathers (2002), Ghost Rider (2007), P2 (2007), and Pete's Dragon (2016). Rebuilding his career, he starred in the premiere of Venus in Fur by David Ives in the off-Broadway production in 2010. He was one of four subjects in the documentary My Big Break (2009), which covered his fame after American Beauty and his subsequent struggles with substance abuse. He is best known for his roles as Ricky Fitts in American Beauty (1999), which earned him a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Supporting Actor Seneca Crane in The Hunger Games (2012) Doyle in Interstellar (2014) Erik in Mission: Impossible – Fallout and Jamie Dutton in Yellowstone. Swathing is a harmful practice, however, Clix has been professional about it, rising above these problems.Wesley Cook Bentley is an American actor. Ever since his rise to stardom, Clix has experienced swathing several times and when the police arrived at his home, it distracted him from his online gaming. ![]() This act is called ‘swathing.’ The goal of swathing is to distract the victim from performing a task. Certain individuals call the police and give false reports about innocent individuals. Success comes with problems and Clix is not immune from this. As a result, Clix has a large number of fans and is an influencer in the gaming industry. Many game lovers enjoy watching professional gamers play and streaming allows them to learn from experienced players. Later, in 2020, he signed with NRG Esports. ![]() Since then, his social media following has grown remarkably.Ĭlix first signed with Misfits Gaming in 2019. He first garnered the public’s attention in 2019, when he qualified for the “Fortnite” World Cup. In 2017, Clix began to stream his “Fortnite” gameplays. Born on January 7, 2005, in Connecticut, his zodiac sign is Capricorn. As a successful teenager, he has had his fair share of challenges but he has held on well and continues to be a role model to millions around the world. He has won the admiration of millions of “Fortnite” fans worldwide. Most eSports industry fans know him as Clix. Clix, whose real name is Cody Conrod, was born and raised in Connecticut. Don’t forget to check my nasty daily ditties by joining me at I accept cash or MC, V, Amex via my website as forms of payment for your convenience. The number you are calling is a land line and does not receive text I only choose to foster quality worthwhile relationships with those of a like mind.Ĭalls from blocked or private numbers will not be accepted. If you are not polite and respectful at all times I will end the call. When calling please keep in mind that I am a professional. Please leave your name and number so I can promptly return your call. If I do not answer then I am in a session. I answer my phone for bookings from 10am-7pm Monday-Saturday. “Apogee is the involvement of the total body: mind, body, soul, all together….it is like a madness…it is like meditation…” Osho I strongly prefer to play with highly accomplished and intelligent men of the same ilk! Once there you will be pushed to the edge and pulled back ever so slowly, thus building the intensity till you find yourself at the peak of arousal… you will be begging for more! ![]() You are willing to be led down a path that allows you to relinquish your mind & body to my wicked imagination and capable hands. You seek intense play that is erotic, edgy, liberating & stimulating. ![]() You are not a submissive man but you are strong enough and willing to submit. For too long there has been a void in the market for a Dominatrix of my caliber, who can seamlessly transition from the boardroom to the dungeon and possesses the skill set to reenact the complex fantasies of corporate executives.Ī powerful man who is accomplished and confident in his own right. While others cater to the leather and latex enthusiasts, I mentor powerful corporate men yearning for both mental and physical submission. Then introducing intermittent pleasure or pain with the use of sensory or sadistic play, depending on what YOUR phyche craves.Īmongst the plethora of FemDommes, I occupy a unique and exalted position. I use my intuitive nature to seize upon your greatest weaknesses, ratcheting them open and exposing your vulnerabilities. I believe that everyone is not created equally, and that each individual’s weaknesses must be exploited differently. My understanding of the mental, physical and most importantly, the psychological aspects of the Arts is world renowned. While well educated, articulate and sophisticated, I’ve always possessed an erotic, perverse, and mischievous mind with a penchant for psychological torture. I am by nature a sensually erotic, yet demanding Mistress. I have 27 years of experience as a sensual sadist. I am the ultimate new breed of dominatrix – no tacky theatrics, just simply pure imaginative cruelty that will leave you weak at the knees! ![]() Do you enjoy CBT, milking, forced apogee, tease & denial…then you will LOVE my new Venus 2000. Prepare yourself for an encounter unlike anything you have ever had before. ![]() They provide stock photography, stock footage, stock music, editing tools and as of 2023 they provide the best tools to generate your own images and art. Shutterstock is an established company that trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Read our NightCafe Review or visit NightCafe. Use code UNITEAI for 15% off your first payment. While the underlying algorithms are always changing across all the AI art generators listed here, NightCafe’s list of other features is what sets it apart.
![]() If the declarer chooses to play, the round proceeds to playing 12 tricks. If the declarer chooses to throw in, the round ends and the declarer's team loses points equal to their contract, while the opposing pair keep the points from their meld. There are at most 250 points available during play, so if the declarer needs more than 250 points to equal their contract after counting their points from the melds, then they cannot possibly meet their contract and must throw in. Two Jacks of Diamonds and two Queens of Spades - 300 pointsĪfter the points for the melds have been calculated, the declarer gets a chance to choose whether to 'throw in' or 'play' the round. One Jack of Diamonds and one Queen of Spades - 40 points Common Marriage (Other suits) - 20 points.Royal Marriage (Trump suit) - 40 points.Nine of Trump Suit (lowest trump card also known as dix, pronounced 'deece') - 10 points Run with Extra Marriage (Extra King and Queen) - 190 points.Bare Run (Ace, Ten, King, Queen, Jack) - 150 points.At Cardzmania, melds will be calculated for you, but for reference, here's all the possible types of melds: A card can be reused in multiple melds, provided each meld is a different type. Melds are displayed by all players before being returned to their owner's hand. The number passed can also be set in the Options menu to 3 or this stage can be disabled.īefore play starts, players score points from having certain combinations of cards in their hands. The declarer and their partner then get the opportunity to exchange 4 cards. The trump suit and the contract are displayed in the top right corner, along with each pair's current total points. The winning bid is called the contract and the player who won the bid is called the declarer. ![]() Whoever bids the most will get to decide which suit is the trump suit for the round. Bidding ends when three players have passed. A player can also pass, in which case they do not place a bid and are out of the bidding for that round. A player can raise the bid by 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 points at a time. The players take turns in naming their bid, starting with the dealer and going clockwise. For a double deck with 6 or 8 players, Pinochle is played with a 96 card deck containing four sets of Aces through 9s for 6 players the dealer passes out 16 cards and for 8 players the dealer passes out 12 cards. If there are 3 players and pass cards is disabled, players get 16 cards if pass cards are enabled, players get 15 cards.įor a double deck with 4 players, Pinochle is played with an 80 card deck containing four sets of Aces through 10s the dealer passes out 20 cards. After teams are decided amongst the players, the dealer passes out 12 cards if there are 4 players, 8 cards if there are 6 players and 6 cards if there are 8 players. Play Multiplayer Pinochle Online The Deck and the Dealįor a single deck, Pinochle is played with a 48 card deck containing two sets of Aces through 9s. Lower starting bid would be 100 instead of 150 Cutthroat: Played solo (with a single deck) - Starting bid starts 50 lower, default at 200 instead of 250.Double Deck: 20 cards per player, 9s are also removed, starting bid is 500.Single Deck: 12 cards per player, starting bid is 250.10s are the second highest, ranking above the King. In Pinochle, Aces are high and 9s are low. With 3 or 4 people, players can play solo. With 4, 6, and 8 people, players are divided into teams of 2. Pinochle can be played with 3, 4, 6, or 8 players. Pinochle is a trick taking and melding game where teams of players try to be the first pair to win 1500 points. ![]() Within the meaning of the colors, yellow, the third rainbow color, is the color of friendliness, fun, creativity, and enlightenment. It is the color of optimism and is associated with hope and creativity.īeyond that, yellow gives energy and is a dynamic color that motivates quick decision-making. In short, yellow is a cheerful color that conveys youthful, fresh energy. This can be seen in toys, which many times are yellow. It has an illuminating essence, it is fun, and it has some level of innocence resonating strongly with children. Yellow is one of the happiest colors of the spectrum. Happiness, one of the most recognized meanings of the color yellow Color Yellow Meaning On the other hand, color symbolism is an ambiguous term, as the symbolism of each color changes in every culture. After all, blueish-gray is the color of the mold, and your brain knows you’re not supposed to eat that. It’s something that is out of our control and that we inherited from our ancestors–most of its meanings come from nature.įor instance, it is when you perceive a drawing of a slice of blue bread to be less flavorful than a creamy-colored one. Psychological Meaning of Yellowīecause color psychology and color symbolism are two very distinct things, it is important to explain both their meanings.Ĭolor psychology is the subconscious effect colors have on us. Now, let’s dive into the psychological meanings of the color yellow. Yellow is one of the most significant colors in the Bible as it symbolizes faith, joy, his divine nature, and the glory of God. What Does the Color Yellow Mean in the Bible? In Russia, yellow is used to describe the sensationalist press.In Mexico, yellow is also a color of mourning.In Greece, yellow is considered a negative color.In Egypt, yellow conveys happiness but also mourning.In Islam, yellow is the color of wisdom.In India, yellow means good fortune for merchants.Locals wear yellow/gold during New Year’s Eve to attract money in the new year to come. In Brazil, yellow symbolizes intellect, communication, but also wealth.Yellow Color Symbolism in Different Cultures Without further ado, let’s talk about the symbolism of the color yellow. Namely, we’ll talk about its symbolism, meaning, most common uses, company logos, chakra, gemstone, facts, quotes, and idioms. Still, it also is a controversial color, as we will learn in this article. It’s an effective communicator and provides clarity. It evokes pleasant feelings, captivating and charming with ease. Yellow is an upbeat and cheerful hue that is enlightening. The brightest color of the spectrum, yellow is associated with sunshine, sunflowers, canaries, and bees. The color yellow is a wildly fascinating hue with many facets. This article is about the symbolism and meaning of the color yellow, which is part of the Color Meaning Series.įor more hues, check out the meaning of the colors. To learn more, see the privacy policy.Yellow is the color of the mind, intellect, and optimism Please note that Urban Thesaurus uses third party scripts (such as Google Analytics and advertisements) which use cookies. Special thanks to the contributors of the open-source code that was used in this project: and you might like to check out the growing collection of curated slang words for different topics over at Slangpedia. There is still lots of work to be done to get this slang thesaurus to give consistently good results, but I think it's at the stage where it could be useful to people, which is why I released it. Please also note that due to the nature of the internet (and especially UD), there will often be many terrible and offensive terms in the results. Or you might try boyfriend or girlfriend to get words that can mean either one of these (e.g. The search algorithm handles phrases and strings of words quite well, so for example if you want words that are related to lol and rofl you can type in lol rofl and it should give you a pile of related slang terms. The higher the terms are in the list, the more likely that they're relevant to the word or phrase that you searched for. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary.ĭue to the way the algorithm works, the thesaurus gives you mostly related slang words, rather than exact synonyms. The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. These indexes are then used to find usage correlations between slang terms. The Urban Thesaurus was created by indexing millions of different slang terms which are defined on sites like Urban Dictionary. If you require payment arrangements please contact us and we will assist you and provide you with all relevant documentation.įor more information on how to contact us please click here. You will need to discuss your financial position openly with SARS. In certain circumstances a compromise may be requested on your outstanding tax debt. If you don’t adhere to the conditions of the payment arrangement the payment agreement will be terminated and normal collection proceedings will resume.Interest will accrue on any unpaid debt.SARS has the option to decline the request.In certain circumstances we can reach an agreement with you to defer your tax debt for later payment or for payment by instalments. If you are not currently able to pay your tax debt, please contact SARS without delay. In order to avoid penalties and interest it is best to file returns and make payments on time. Please note the SARS Contact Centre Agent will follow an authentication process.įor more information on payment options, please click here.If you do not have your tax reference number you can provide the SARS Contact Centre Agent with your ID number or the business registration number.You will be requested to provide your tax reference number.Call the SARS Contact Centre and request a statement of account.Step 4: Tax Resolution – Upon successful verification by SARS, a responce will be displayed.Step 3: Taxpayer Verification – SARS will request you to complete either your,ID/Passport/Asylum Number.Step 1: Initiate USSD by dialing *134*7277#.Steps on how to request tax services via the SARS USSD Channel Balance (Space) ID number/Passport number/ Asylum Seeker number SARS USSD Channel by typing, on your mobile device, a string of characters which comprises of an asterisk (*), followed by a few digits and ending with a hashtag (#) and dialling.(This service can be accessed with or without data/airtime.) Request a balance statement and/or statement of account for Personal Income Tax by sending an SMS to SARS on 47277.Log on to the SARS MobiApp and request a statement of account.Log on to eFiling and request a statement of account.There are five ways to find out how much tax debt you owe: Where debt is disputed/theres an intention to dispute apply for the suspension of debt in terms of s164 of the TAA.Request with reasons and proof to compromise the debt ITO of s200/201/202 of the TAA.Request with reason and proof to pay in instalments ITO of section 167 of TAA.Pay full balance outstanding within seven days.See more information on how to manage your debt. Reach out to SARS and ensure that you comply with your tax obligations. SARS wants to assist you to manage your tax debt. In instances where taxpayers are not compliant and have outstanding tax debt the Debt Management department is committed to assisting businesses and individuals to become fully compliant. ![]() Taxpayers, both individuals and businesses, are required to be fully tax compliant through on time submission of returns and payments. Email business rescues and compromises in terms of section 155 of the Companies Act correspondence or notices to.Email deferred arrangements, debt queries, payment requests and correspondence to.International Callers may contact our SARS Contact Centre on +27 between 09:00 to 16:30 South African local time.Call our SARS Contact Centre on 0between 09:00 to 16:30.For more detail, see the Guide to SARS Mobile Tax Services. These services can be accessed with or without data/airtime. Send the following wording to 47277: Balance (Space) ID number/Passport number/ Asylum Seeker number ![]() Taxpayers can now request Account related queries (balance statements) and/or a Statement of Account by sending an SMS to SARS on 47277. How do I contact SARS with my debt query? It is a criminal offence for a person to wilfully and without just cause to fail or neglects to withhold and pay to SARS an amount of tax as and when required under a tax Act as per section 234(2)(k) of the TAA. Kindly note that it is a criminal offence to submit a return without making the necessary payment in terms of Section 234(2)(d) read with subsection (k) of the Tax Administration Act (TAA). You do these objectives once and that part of the quest is considered complete for everyone.įetch objectives require every player to locate their own White River Supplies. Clearing all zombies, finding buried treasure, and starting a generator to restore power are all completed as a team. Once all players are present the quest activation marker will allow the players to proceed.Īll quest objectives are shared except fetch objectives. If one or more players are too far away then the quest activation marker will not allow the objective to start and will not reset the area. When a quest has been accepted by multiple people all must be present at the designated Point of Interest in order to begin the job. Click on a quest in this list, and click on the check mark at the top of the Shared Quests list to accept it. When someone else shares a Quests with you it will show up in the Shared Quests list beneath your current and completed quests. On the top of that window there are icons and over to the right there is an Icon of a group of people. On the left you will see your quest's name. To share a Quests with another player press TAB and there will be a Quest Icon on the top right of the window that looks like an Exclamation Point. The rewards of these quests are affected by the The Daring Adventurer perk. Also, doing enough quests for a trader will unlock a special quest where the player is sent to another trader which they may or may not have seen yet. Doing enough of these quests gives access to higher tier quests with even better rewards. Trader Quests - Randomly generated quest given by the various traders with various rewards.The treasure chest is locked, so appropriate preparations should be taken. Once there, the player must find the treasure, usually by digging downwards, to complete the quest. Treasure Quest - gives they player a waypoint to a randomly chosen location.This is an extremely helpful boost in the early game. ![]() Completing the 8th tutorial quest, the one before finding a trader, rewards 4 skill points. These quests includes the Basic Survival and White River Citizen quests. They are granted every time the player spawns the first time into a world. Tutorial Quests - Given to the player upon first spawning into a world, these quests are meant to teach the player the basics of the game. ![]() The preparations seem to be more effective under certain conditions than others, and more detail about the conditions will help farmers apply the preparations to maximum benefit.ĭemeter USA believes strongly in the role of scientific inquiry and peer-reviewed research in alternative farming systems including Biodynamic agriculture. Recent studies have aimed to better understand the composition of the preparations themselves, as well as how and when they promote healthier soil. In all, the studies concluded that biodynamic farms were both a viable and profitable alternative to conventional farming. Second, they required fewer inputs, like fertilizers and pesticides, which lowered their operating costs. First, the biodynamic farms were less susceptible to variation in yield from year to year, which made them less risky to operate. Two important findings emerged from these studies. Several longer-term studies have been conducted to investigate the yields and viability of biodynamic agriculture. Similarly, compost treated with the preparations has been shown to cure at higher temperatures, resulting in greater microbial activity and faster maturation than control piles. ![]() Biodynamic soil frequently is characterized by increased microbial activity, greater biodiversity, and higher nutrient content than soils farmed conventionally. Thus far, the studies have consistently found biodynamic soil quality superior to conventional soil quality in many ways, such as carbon content, lower bulk density and aggregate stability. Studies of soil treated with the preparations have been analyzed and their effects have been compared to conventionally- and organically-treated soil. While a reductionist scientific approach can explore some of the cause and effect that results from the preparations’ use, a holistic approach to scientific investigation of Biodynamic agriculture has also been utilized over the past 90 years to attempt to better understand them. However, the mechanisms of action for the preparations, as well as the full extent of their abilities, are still not fully understood. Anecdotal evidence and the strong growth of Biodynamic farms worldwide speak to the perceived benefit of the preparations, which were designed to promote nutrient and energy cycling in the soil and above ground. These preparations (numbered 500 through 508) are made from animal manure, minerals, and herbs, and are applied in homeopathic quantities to soil, foliage, and compost piles. One of the chief differences between the USDA’s requirements for organic certification, and Demeter’s requirement for Biodynamic certification, is Demeter’s requirement for the use of eight preparations. Studies have compared Biodynamic farming methods to both organic and conventional methods, and most studies suggest that Biodynamic farms have superior soil quality, more fertile and stable compost piles, stronger crop vitality, and decreased reliance or complete elimination of outside inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides. This stands in stark contrast to a more reductionist view of conventional agriculture that focuses on individual parts (soil, animals, crops, even the farmer) in isolation from each other. Biodynamic farm management requires close attention to the living (bio) and energetic (dynamic) interrelation of the constituent parts of the agricultural system. Its office number is (937) 667-8311.Biodynamic agriculture views a farm as an agricultural ecosystem whose goal is to operate as a self-contained and integrated system in the most holistic sense. The towns and cities it serves include Tipp City. Harmony Farm began to serve the community in 1989. Please call Angela Miller at (937) 667-8311 for more information about their service, office hours, warranty and license. Harmony Farm is located at 5578 S State Route 202 Tipp City, OH 45371. Harmony Farm is a Natural Place to Be… to heal mind-body and spirit. Current farming practices include certified organic and Biodynamic® production of herbs and flowers. Clients and guests of Harmony Farm enjoy multiple gardens, woodland hiking trails, the “Labyrinth in the Woods” as well as a grotto area with hot tub, waterfall and a gentle steam that flows into a pond. An extensive selection of workshops and classes including Tai Chi, yoga and Pilates are also offered. Customized half day, full day and overnight retreats are available for individuals, groups and corporations. Primary healing arts services include therapeutic massage, organic facials and body treatments. About Harmony Farm: Harmony Farm is a wellness-retreat center located in southwest Ohio, north of Dayton. |
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